Jharkhand 2020 Map, Capital | Language ,Population,Area ,History,Culture

Jharkhand    

state of India, located in the northeastern part of the country. Jharkhand is border by the states of Bihar to the north, West Bangal to the east, Odisa to the south, Chhatisgarh to the west, and Uttar pardesh to the northwest. 

The capital of the state is Ranchi.

Map Position

It's out of the southern portion of Bihar in 2000. Statehood was the culmination of a long struggle carried on primarily by the Adivasis, or Schedule (an official term applied primarily to indigenous community that fall outside the predominant Indian  hierarchy). The tribal groups initiated a call for independence from Bihar, and in the 1980s they became militant in their demand. In the 1990s, the separation movement spread to non-tribal communities, ultimately precipitating the creation of a new state.

Language -                     Hindi.

Additional Languages-           Urdu, Maithali, Kudkhu, Nagpuri, 

                                               Maghi, Bhojpuri, Udiya, Bangla, 

                                               Anglika, Khortha, Mundari, Panchpargniya.

Population-  

3,29,66,238. 

Male-     1,69,30,315.

Female- 1,60,57,819.

ST-            86,45,042.

SC-           39,85,644

LAND

The most prominent physical feature of Jharkhand is the Chhota Nagpur plateau,Chhota Nagpur, actually a series of plateaus, hills, and valleys, covers nearly the entire state and consists primarily of crystalline rocks. The main plateaus, Hazaribag and Ranchiare separated by the faulted sedimentary coal-bearing basin of the Damodar river, and they average about 2,000 feet (610 metres) in elevation.

In the west there are more than 300 dissected but flat-topped plateaus (called pats), many with elevations of more than 3,000 feet (900 metres). The highest point in Jharkhand is formed by the conical granite peak of Parasnath, which rises to 4,477 feet (1,365 metres) on the Hazaribag plateau; it is sacred in the Jain religion Jharkhand, state of India.

Total area of state-             79,714 sq km.

              Rural area-               77,922 sq km.

            Urban area-                1,792 sq km.

RESOURCES and POWER

Jharkhand account 40% mineral resourses to India.Its also known as India largest coal provider state.

The Chhota Nagpur plateau is the richest mineral belt in India, and it is responsible for a significant share (by value) of the country’s mineral yield. Jharkhand produces almost the entire national output of  Copper (used in the manufacture of heat-resistant porcelain), pyrite (used to make sulfuric acid), and phosphate, as well as much of the output of Bauxite (a source of aluminium), mica, kaolin and other clays, and iron ore. Most of these minerals are mined in the districts of East and West Singhbhum. Coal, however, accounts for the bulk of Jharkhand’s mineral production. The principal coalfields, all in the Damodar river valley in eastern Jharkhand, supply most of the coking coal of India.

History

Prior to the arrival of the British in Chhota Nagpur, the area was ruled by chiefs of various indigeous groups. The area came under the British in 1765 as part of Bihar. As the British gradually expanded their authority over the plains to the north of present-day Jharkhand during the second half of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th, revolts against them occasionally erupted in Chota Nagpur. The most important of these uprisings were the Ho revolt (1820–27) and the Munda uprising (1831–32).From the period of British expansion until the turn of the 21st century, the history of Jharkhand overlapped with the history of Bihar. On Nov. 15, 2000, after decades of growing discontent, especially on the part of the indigenous peoples, Chota Nagpur was separated from Bihar to become Jharkhand as the 28th state of India.

Cultural Life

Many of the villages of the various tribal peoples share some common characteristics. Most settlements have a communities dance floor that springs to life during festive times. Among the most widely recognized of Jharkhand’s dances is chhau, an elaborate masked dance of the southeastern region, particularly the Saraikela and East Singhbhum districts. Although once a village tradition associated with Chaitra Parva, a festival held every April in honour of the god Shiva,chhau eventually received royal patronage and then state sponsorship. it has since become a virtual emblem of the region. Other tribal celebrations that provide occasions for music and dancing include the festival of flowers known as Sarhul (or Baha), a cattle festival called Sohrai, and a postharvest festival called Mage Parab.

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